Regular PluralsThe plural of most nouns are formed by adding 's' at the end of the singular noun: cup - cups, snake - snakes, bicycle - bicycles. However, there are some special cases.
We add 'es' to nouns that end in s, x, z, ch, or sh.
bus - bus
esbox - box
eswaltz - waltz
esmatch - match
esbrush - brush
esWe also add 'es' to nouns ending with o.
ech
o - ech
oestomat
o - tomat
oespotat
o - potat
oesher
o - her
oesHowever, not all nouns ending with o have an -es ending.
For nouns ending in a vowel + o, we just add an s.
kangaroo - kangaroo
sradio - radio
szoo - zoo
sThe following words also have just an s added. Most 'new' words also follow this rule.
commando - commando
sconcerto - concerto
sEskimo - Eskimo
skilo - kilo
slogo - logo
sphoto - photo
spiano - piano
ssolo - solo
ssoprano - soprano
sSome words ending with an o can have either s or es added.
tornado - tornado
s, tornado
esmosquito - mosquito
s, mosquito
esvolcano - volcano
s, volcano
esFor nouns ending in a consonant + y, we remove the y and add ies.
baby - bab
iescity - cit
iesferry - ferr
ieslady - lad
iesparty - part
iesstrawberry - strawberr
iesHowever, if the y is preceded by a vowel, we just add an s.
holiday - holiday
smonkey - monkey
sboy - boy
sIrregular pluralsFor irregular nouns ending in f or fe, we remove the f or fe, and add ves.
calf - cal
veshalf - hal
vesknife - kni
vesleaf - lea
vesthief - thie
veswife - wi
vesloaf - loa
vesSome nouns ending in f are considered regular.
belief - belief
scliff - cliff
sproof - proof
sThese nouns below, mostly of old English origin, are irregular plurals that do not follow the other spelling rules. The plurals have a different vowel sound from its singular version.
foot - f
eet
goose - g
eese
man - m
en
mouse - m
iceperson - people
tooth - t
eeth
woman - wom
en
Some nouns referring to groups of animal have the same singular and plural form.
bison - bison
deer - deer
moose - moose
salmon - salmon
sheep - sheep
trout - trout
Words of foreign origin have special plurals, which generally follow the original rules.
analysis - analys
es
bacterium - bacteri
acactus - cact
ifungus - fung
icriterion - criteri
amedium - medi
a
Here are some games for you to practise. These games have been designed to be played more than once if you want to
reap the benefits. The objective is to keep on improving your scores, and you will learn the plural forms even if subconsciously.
Arcade Game: shoot the plural form!
The list of nouns changes each time you play a new game!
Point and click the regular plural form
Point and click the irregular plural form